内网环境要用MySQL，网上学习了下安装Generic版MySQL
1.MySQL官网下载Linux Generic版本 wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
2.解压tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
3.创建/etc/my.cnf文件
[mysqld]
port=3306
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21
datadir=/usr/data/mysql/data
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/mysqld.pid
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/mysqld.err
user=root
max_connections=151
symbolic-links=0
lower_case_table_names = 1
character-set-server=utf8
collation-server=utf8_general_ci
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/mysql.sock
[client]
port=3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/mysql.sock
default-character-set=utf8
4.进入 support-files/ 目录修改mysql.server shell文件开头的basedir、datadir变量，如果指定，默认basedir是/usr/local/mysql,datadir是/usr/data/mysql/data
basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21
datadir=/usr/data/mysql/data
5.添加环境变量vim /etc/profile
MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21
PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
6.初始化数据库，得到初始随机密码（控制台没有的话可以在mysqld.err中找到）
./bin/mysqld --user=root --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21 --datadir=/usr/data/mysql/data --initialize --lower-case-table-names=1
7.开启MySQL服务： ./support-files/mysql.server start
8.以初始密码登陆： mysql -u root -p ，登陆后修改初始密码ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '新密码';，这里可能因为缺少mysql.sock报错，重启mydql即可
9.编辑一个Linux 服务单元文件 /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service，用来控制MySQL的重启和关闭
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server 8.0.21
Documentation=
After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target
Wants=network-online.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/mysqld.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecReload=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/support-files/mysql.server restart
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/mysql-8.0.21/support-files/mysql.server stop
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
10.设置开机自启动 systemctl enable mysqld
要在好几台机器上安装，写了个很low的脚本
#!/bin/sh
wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz -C /usr/local
mv /usr/local/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
mkdir -p /usr/data/mysql/data
rm -rf /etc/my.cnf
touch /etc/my.cnf
echo '[mysqld]' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'port=3306' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'basedir=/usr/local/mysql' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'log-error=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.err' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'user=root' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'innodb_file_per_table=1' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'max_connections=100' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'symbolic-links=0' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'lower_case_table_names = 1' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'character-set-server=utf8' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'collation-server=utf8_general_ci' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'bind-address = 0.0.0.0' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo ''
echo 'socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '[client]' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'port=3306' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo '' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'default-character-set=utf8' >> /etc/my.cnf
echo 'MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql' >> /etc/profile
echo 'PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin' >> /etc/profile
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --user=root --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize --lower-case-table-names=1
cat /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.err | grep root
rm -rf /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
touch /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo '[Unit]' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'Description=MySQL Server 8.0.21' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'Documentation=' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'After=network-online.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'Wants=network-online.target' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo '' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo '[Service]' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'Type=forking' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'PIDFile=/usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'ExecReload=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo '' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo '[Install]' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
echo 'WantedBy=multi-user.target' >> /usr/lib/systemd/systemmysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld
